1. 2. 7 - All Fall Down
Here the going becomes most disturbing to me.
Here the horrors that facts suggest become most
difficult for normal, compassionate people to imagine, I think.
In examining the World Trade Center Buildings that fell
on September 11 - Buildings 1 and 2, the WTC's Twin Towers; Building 7,
the 47 stories of offices completed by Silverstein Properties in 1986 -
and in examining how they fell, we must at least register as individuals
the thousands of people who died on the WTC site that day. We must enter
into their experience if we're to gather what happened. We must look at
who died and who did not.
I wrote earlier that the WTC North and South Towers
COULD NOT have fallen due to the causes (primary among these causes:
fire so hot it deformed steel) that Corporate Government and Media
stories have presented for the Towers' "'pancake'" collapse.
You likely remember the depiction-cum-explanation that
Networks and newspapers repeated soon after ""'9/11.'"
It went like this. As the 767s struck their targets - AA
11 driving into the North Tower's 90th floor and UA 175 hitting the
South Tower toward one corner around the 80th floor - each airliner
exploded. The ensuing flames of jet fuel created a white-hot inferno
inside each l10-story building. Fire blasted up and down elevator
shafts.
Fire's increasing, unprecedented heat then turned to
"licorice" the structural steel beams and columns that stood as core and
outer and lateral supports of the Towers.
Thus weakened, the steel supports buckled, carrying
concrete down with them. One floor of each Tower fell into the next
below. Then both fell through the next floor below.
Then the three floors And so all of each Tower's
floors collapsed in a "pancake effect" of terrible, increasing impact.
Each Tower's 100,000 tons of concrete, steel, plastic, wiring, and
marble dropped like an unpleating facade or straight-down Slinky, their
weight pulverizing into their foundations.
The British Broadcasting Company story of September 13
is typical of this immediate depiction/explanation.
It's titled "How the World Trade Center Fell."
The BBC quotes "structural engineer" Chris Wise: '"It
was the fire that killed the buildings. There's nothing on earth that
could survive those temperatures with that amount of fuel burning The
columns would have melted, the floors would have melted and eventually
they would have collapsed one on top of each other."'
Another BBC-quoted expert then echoes Chris Wise. "The
buildings' construction manager, Hyman Brown, agrees that nothing could
have saved them from the inferno. 'The buildings would have stood had a
plane or a force caused by a plane smashed into it,' he said.
'But steel melts, and 24,000 gallons (91,000 litres) of
aviation fluid melted the steel. Nothing is designed or will be designed
to withstand that fire.'"
So there you have it. Two experts say two days after
"'9/11'" that the Towers' beams and columns did more than buckle - their
structural steel '"melted."'
How hot must steel be heated in order to melt?
Steel is 99% iron. According to chemicalelements.com,
temperatures of at least 2,795.0 degrees Fahrenheit are needed to "melt"
iron. Even hotter temperatures would be needed to "melt" the more
fire-resistant structural steel of the WTC Towers.
How hot, then, must steel be made in order for it to
soften and warp toward producing the "'pancake collapse'" that Networks
and newspapers have described? Temperatures of 1,022 degrees F. are
needed to begin to deform structural steel. As to the steel in the WTC
Towers, a report from the University of Sydney's Department of Civil
Engineering in Australia says: "Fireproofed steel is rated to resist
1,500 to 1,600° F."
The basic question then becomes: How hot can fire from
jet fuel make structural steel?
Corus Construction is a maker of car-parks in Europe. In
order to be sure its structures could withstand collapse from multiple
gas tanks exploding into flames inside a car-park, Corus tested steel
against fires from kerosene. (Jet fuel and kerosene are interchangeably
alike in their capacities for fueling and burning.)
Corus exposed steel to fire from kerosene over periods
as long as one hour in "Full scale fire tests" in the United States,
United Kingdom, Japan, and Australia. The highest temperatures these
tests registered were 644 degrees Fahrenheit for beams (Australia) and
680 degrees F. for columns (United Kingdom).
The tests show us more exactly why the Towers COULD NOT
have collapsed due to jet-fuel's fire.
Several other facts counter Corporate media's widespread
depiction/explanation of the "'pancake collapse.'"
*The South Tower was hit second and hit obliquely by the
Boeing 767 that was United Airlines 175. Much of that airliner's
half-full load of fuel ignited outside the building,
The South Tower consequently suffered far less fire
within its structures.
And yet the South Tower fell in almost half the time
after impact (53 minutes: 9:05 EDT to 9:58 EDT) as the North (101
minutes: 8:46 EDT to 10:29 EDT).
If fire's deforming steel was the cause of the two
buildings' collapse, the North Tower should have fallen first and in
less time.
*Each Tower should have tilted sideways if its fall were
undirected. In particular the South Tower - hit around its 80th floor,
about 10 stories lower than the North Tower - should have toppled toward
the corner where it was hit.
If they'd toppled sideways the Towers - each almost
¼-mile tall - would have ruined much surrounding real estate. The
Towers' collapse within their foundations - per a perfect demolition -
saved billions of dollars of property from devastation.
*Networks' coverage of both burning Towers that morning
shows the smoke of fires turning from white to gray to darker shades as
minutes pass.
Such a change in the smoke of a fire indicates that the
fire is cooling, producing more carbon, because it's exhausting oxygen.
So: We see that the Towers' structural steel was
cooling, contracting less heat, at the time when each collapsed.
---------------
At the head of this section you've read one New York
City firefighter's recollection, less than two weeks after last
September 11, of '"a bomb,"' that went off in the South Tower. Louie
Caachioli, 51, was among the first firefighters to enter that building
as it burned overhead.
Caachioli told People Weekly: '"I was taking
firefighters up in the elevator to the 24th floor to get in position to
evacuate workers. On the last trip up a bomb went off. We think there
were bombs set in the building."'
Other survivors remember explosions inside the Towers.
Kim White, 32, worked on the South Tower's 80th floor.
She told People, ' "All of a sudden the building
shook, then it started to sway. We didn't know what was going on. We got
all our people on the floor into the stairwell…. at that time we all
thought it was a fire…. We got down as far as the 74th floor…. then
there was another explosion."'
Survivors also remember that instructions to stay in the
buildings were broadcast even AFTER each Tower was struck by an
exploding airliner.
Nancy Cassidy, 42, was personnel manager for the Mizuho
Capital Markets trading company on the South Tower's 80th floor. She
fled her office just after American Airlines Flight 11 struck the North
Tower and she saw fireballs roil in that building next to her window.
She and about fifty others rushed down a stairwell.
Nancy Cassidy was quoted in New York's Newsday of
9/13/01. '"All of a sudden you heard, 'Shhh,' she said. 'Everyone was
quiet. That's when they made that announcement: "Building One is in a
state of emergency; Building Two is secure. You're fine, you can return
to your work stations.""' I
Nancy Cassidy told Newsday: "It could be that
because of that announcement, some people from my company went back
upstairs and now may be gone."
In the North Tower employees were told to stay in their
building even as the Boeing 767 burned above them.
Newsday related: "Michael Cartier, 24, of Jackson
Heights, said his sister Michelle, who worked in Tower One told him that
after the first plane struck, 'People began to evacuate, but an
announcement over the intercom said everything was all right, no need to
evacuate.'
"'If this is true,' Michael Cartier said, 'they told
people to go back to their desks. There should be an investigation.'"
Tower One was the North Tower.
Dan Baumbach, 24, a software engineer on the 80th floor
of the North Tower when he Boeing 767 struck his building, took off
downstairs with a group from his office. Newsday related: "But
heading down the stairs, he and four other co-workers suddenly came upon
100 others, who were told by a building official, 'We'll get you out; be
calm, just stay here.'
"'There was no way we were going to stay there,' said
Baumbach, 24, who was then warned: 'You can try it, but it's at your own
risk.'"
Many stayed. Baumbach did not.
At 10-story intervals, he had to walk through burning
corridors. Bizarrely, no sprinklers or alarms had been activated.
H'mm!
The lack of activation or alarm inside the Twin Towers
may remind you of the same lack of alarm or activation inside the
Pentagon before workers died there.
---------------
About 7 hours later on that day of horrors, WTC Building
7, the 47-story former headquarters of sunken junk-bond colossus Drexel
Burnham Lambert, the firm whose failure set off the $500-billion Savings
& Loan losses of the latter 1980s, collapsed.
WTC 7 was home to the Emergency Command Center or
"bunker" that Mayor Rudolph Giuliani had installed after an FBI-assisted
bomb exploded on February 20, 1993 in the parking-garage underneath
Tower 2.
WTC 7 was also home offices of the CIA, the U.S.
Department of Defense, and the U.S. Secret Service.
Network coverage of the"'9/11'"morning shows an
explosion smoking up from WTC 7 even BEFORE the South Tower fell. The
explosion was later attributed to fires bursting out in the several huge
tanks of diesel fuel in WTC 7 that were there to serve in case of
emergency (10,000 gallons for Giuliani's Command Center, 12,000 for the
Smith Barney investment-banking firm, and more: a total of 42,000
gallons.)
Coverage shows, however, no flames accompanying the
first WTC 7 explosion: Only a cloud of white dust.
Within minutes of the first WTC 7 explosion, before
either Tower fell, Mayor Rudolph Giuliani and close associates fled the
"headquarters" they'd set up at 75 Barkley Street. "We were operating
out of there when we were told that the World Trade Center was gonna
collapse," Rudolph Giuliani told Peter Jennings of ABC News that
morning, "and it did collapse before we could get out of the building."
H'mm!
How could anyone have foreseen a collapse that was
otherwise said to be unprecedented and unexpected? Who warned the Mayor
whose "'clean-up'" of New York City has often been compared to
Mussolini's of Italy?
Why weren't firefighters inside or around the World
Trade Center also warned?
You may remember that 343 New York City firefighters
died on the "'9/11'" morning.
In August of 2002 the New York Times reported
that two New York City firemen, Battalion Chief Orio J. Palmer and Fire
Marshal Ronald P. Bucca, had reached the 78th floor, the Sky Lobby, of
the South Tower within a few minutes of that building's collapse.
"Once they got there," the Times piece recounted,
"they had a coherent plan for putting out the fires they could see and
helping victims who survived. At that point, the building would be
standing for just a few more minutes, as the fire was weakening the
structure on the floors above him. Even so, Chief Palmer could see only
two pockets of fire, and called for a pair of engine companies to fight
them."
The occasion for the Times piece was release by
the U.S. Justice Department of a '"lost tape"' of communication between
New York Fire Department personnel that New York Port Authority Police
recorded on the morning of 9/11/01. The existence of this tape was
revealed to the NYFD last January, but the NYFD refused to pledge
secrecy as to its content. It was played on August 2, 2002 to sixteen
survivors of NYFD firefighters in a Manhattan hotel.
Orio J. Palmer's widow said: '"I didn't hear fear, I
didn't hear panic. When the tape is made public to the world, people
will hear that they all went about their jobs without fear, and
selflessly."'
We know that WTC 7 was another valuable holding of
Silverstein Properties.
In February of 2002 Silverstein Properties won
$861 million from Industrial Risk Insurers to rebuild on the site of WTC
7. Silverstein Properties' estimated investment in WTC 7 was $386
million. So: This building's collapse resulted in a profit of about
$500 million.
"Broad Human Interest"
Other facts about the Twin Towers and "'9/1'" relate to
that most material of concerns: Money.
On April 26 of 2001 the Board of Commissioners for the
Port Authority of New York and New Jersey awarded Silverstein Properties
and mall-owner Westfield America a 99-year-lease on the following
assets: The Twin Towers, World Trade Center Buildings 4 and 5, two
9-story office buildings, and 400,000 square feet of retail
space.
The partners' winning bid was $3.2 billion for holdings
estimated to be worth more than $8 billion. JP Morgan Chase, a
prestigious investment-bank that's the flagship firm of its kind for
Rockefeller family interests, advised the Port Authority, another body
long influenced by banker and builder David Rockefeller, his age then
85, in the negotiations.
The lead partner and spokesperson for the winning
bidders, Larry Silverstein, age 70, already controlled more than 8
million square feet of New York City real estate. WTC 7 and the nearby
Equitable Building were prime among these prior holdings. Larry
Silverstein also owned Runway 69, a nightclub in Queens that was alleged
9 years ago to be laundering money made through sales of Laotian heroin.
Let's pause to scan this last sidelight. On September
16, 2001 Ernesto Cienfuegos wrote in the Los Angeles newspaper La Voz
de Aztlan: "In July 1993, Harry P. Miller, a Vietnam veteran, filed
a complaint in a federal district court of New York against Larry
Silverstein, the owner of 'Runway 69,' a Queens dance club, that
included as defendants President Clinton and Colin Powell. The
allegations of Miller's complaint were that the named defendants
committed or aided others in committing illegal acts, including
assassinations, over a twenty-five year period, beginning amidst the
Vietnam War, in furtherance of a conspiracy to distribute Laotian
heroin. He asserted that the defendants were engaged in heroin
trafficking and that 'Goldfingers International,' a business that
supplies nude dancers to nude dance clubs, was laundering the proceeds
of the conspiracy through 'Runway 69.'"
Now, given what's been shown so far even within the
confines of the short study you hold, is this association of
Silverstein, Clinton, and Powell fantastic or far-fetched to you?
We know from many sources - Alfred McCoy's The
Politics of Heroin in Southeast Asia and Peter Dale Scott's Deep
Politics are rich in documentation - that United States'
intelligence services began to smuggled opium and heroin from Burma,
Thailand, and Laos in the 1950s. Their traffic especially expanded
through Vietnam in the late 1960s/early 1970s. We know that tons of
heroin flooded ghettos of black and brown people in the U.S., depressing
threats of revolution, at the same time as 30,000 U.S. servicemen in
Vietnam were addicted to heroin.
As to what's happening now, we'll soon see how important
the laundering of illegal narcotics is to the most central of U.S.
financial institutions, including Citigroup, the Chase Bank, JP Morgan
Chase, and the entire New York Stock Exchange.
For the 2001 Twin Towers' deal Larry Silverstein's main
source of promised financing came from a group headed by another
realtor, Lloyd Goldman, who also possessed enormous holdings in New York
City.
His deal done, Larry Silverstein told the Real Estate
Journal, an offshoot of the Wall Street Journal: "'This is a
dream come true. When we first became associated with the Port Authority
with 7 World Trade Center, we looked at the asset of the World Trade
Center with tremendous interest. We will be in control of a prized
asset. There is nothing like it in the world,' he said."
Mortgaging for the winning bid came from the General
Motors Acceptance Corporation.
General Motors, you may know, is another giant engine of
capital and oil that's for generations had the Rockefeller family among
its controlling investors.
---------------
We should here take a preliminary moment to note the
history of some ruling-class families of the United States.
We should note just a representative few of the
appalling schemes and partnerships - partnerships using Wars,
Governments and fascists - by which these families have profited in the
20th century. This precursor of a review will help, I believe, our
understanding of "'9/11.'"
We should then proceed to seeing how the World Trade
Center got built.
Like their partners and/or relatives the Roosevelts,
Duponts, Harrimans, Warburgs, ... , the Rockefeller and Bush families
are long-time players for global power.
Let's start with one telling fact. Both John D.
Rockefeller Jr. (father of David and Nelson), and Prescott Bush,
(grandfather of our selected president and father of George Herbert
Walker Bush), materially aided the National Socialist Party of Germany,
Hitler's Nazis, in the 1920s and 19305 and into World War II through
businesses such as the Chase Bank and Standard Oil of New Jersey
(Rockefeller) and the Hamburg-Amerika Shipping Line and the Silesian
American Corporation (Bush).
The Rockefellers' Chase Bank solicited accounts in Nazi
France as late as 1944.
In 1941 Prescott Bush, a nominal Republican, and his
partner W. Averill Harriman, a Democrat, bought controlling interest in
the Silesian-American Corporation from their partner, Fritz Thyssen,
Thyssen the main financier of Nazis' seizure of power and author of a
book titled I Paid Hitler. The Silesian-American Corporation
continued to operate in Nazi-occupied Poland. Partly a mining company,
the S-A Corp. availed itself of the increasing, mostly Jewish
slave-labor at a nearby "'Camp'" known as Auschwitz. Prescott Bush and
Averill Harriman thus profited from said slave-labor till the S-A.
Corp.'s assets and those of other holdings of theirs (the Union Banking
Corporation for one) were seized under the United States' Trading with
the Enemy Act in 1942.
These few facts may help ordinary, intelligent and
compassionate people better understand what other facts about the
construction and destruction of the World Trade Center Towers suggest or
mean. Later - in "Lords of the 'New World Order'" - we'll scan a history
of U.S. ruling-class families over a span of more than a century,
beginning with the Spanish-American War, focusing on members of the Bush
and Rockefeller clans.
In 1952 Prescott Bush was elected to be a U. S. Senator
from Connecticut. For the next 8 years "Press" (so he was addressed in
1937 by his and Harriman's attorney with Nazis, John Foster Dulles, the
United States' Secretary of State between 1952-60) was a regular golf
partner of President Dwight D. Eisenhower, the general who commanded
U.S. forces in Europe during World War II.
During the exact middle of this decade, the 1950s, David
Rockefeller, the youngest son of John D. Rockefeller, Jr. and the
grandson of the United States' first billionaire, became chairman of his
family's Chase Bank. David, born in 1915, already was known among his
peers as wonderfully capable. He was working with great diligence and
industry to make Manhattan south of Wall Street a new financial center
of the world. In 1956 he formed the Downtown-Lower Manhattan
Association, packing it with financiers from old wealth such as S. Sloan
Colt of Banker's Trust, Henry S. Morgan of Morgan Stanley, and Robert
Lehman of Lehman Brothers.
By 1961 David, the youngest son, the banker and builder,
had erected a 60-story headquarters for his newly merged Chase and
Manhattan Banks on a single block of Cedar Street. One Chase Plaza was
the first skyscraper in lower Manhattan in a generation. For it to
flourish optimally - for the whole new Manhattan of global financing and
projection that he envisioned to flourish optimally - David Rockefeller
needed a nexus of similar institutions nearby. He needed ... a World
Trade Center - something that would outsize and outdo other Centers that
Rockefellers had previously built.
David's brother Nelson, born in 1908, the second eldest
of five brothers, had kindred ambitions. In 1958 Nelson was elected
governor of New York over W. Averill Harriman, the former partner, we
know, of Prescott Bush, George Herbert Walker, Adolf Hitler, and Benito
Mussolini.
This same year, David announced and the New York
Times endorsed a Lower Manhattan Plan that would put a World Trade
Center on 20 square blocks of the East Side, displacing the Fulton Fish
Market and the Washington Produce Market.
In 1961 the WTC's prospective site shifted westward, as
the State of New York's Port Authority assumed control of the project
and the Port Authority acquired the Hudson Tubes that would subsequently
transport PATH trains to and from New Jersey. Sixteen square blocks that
then featured a bustling community of electronics' retailers ("Radio
Row"), restaurants, markets, and clothing stores, were to be razed for
"'redevelopment.'"
Other "'urban renewal'" would remove the Fulton Fish
Market and the Washington Produce Market from lower Manhattan. Shipping
that employed thousands of skilled laborers would also be taken away.
Instead, New York City would have a project of '"catalytic bigness"'
(David Rockefeller), the World Trade Center, in the district that was
'"the heart pump of the capital blood that sustains the free world"'
(Warren Linquist, David Rockefeller's lead aide).
Eric Darton's Divided We Stand, a book that's
subtitled A Biography of New York's World Trade Center,
summarizes the final development: "The project took seven years and a
billion dollars to build. It needed immense political muscle, supplied
by David Rockefeller at the Chase Manhattan Bank and his brother Nelson,
then governor of New York, who stocked one tower with state office
workers when the building failed to attract clients." Most vitally,
risk-free subsidization from the State of New York (Nelson was
re-elected governor in 1962 and 1966, outspending his opponents at least
2 to 1) let the WTC project push through economic ups and downs,
lawsuits and protests. State Supreme Court and City Planning Commission
decisions also furthered it.
The one billion dollars was taken from public funds
without the public's authorization. As Mario Cuomo told a radio
interviewer in 1996 (when he was no longer governor of New York), a
Public Authority is '"something above democracy, absolutely, that's why
it was invented by politicians, to keep the people away from the
operation, and to insulate the politicians."'
Sixty-two workers died in accidents during the Twin
Towers' construction.
In 1973 Governor Nelson Rockefeller dedicated the new
World Trade Center and moved 20,000 New York State workers into the
vacancy of Tower Two.
In 1973, too, with the United States losing its war on
the ground in Vietnam, David Rockefeller, advised by future or then
National Security Advisors Zbignew Brzezinski and Henry Kissinger,
founded the Trilateral Commission. The Trilateral Commission was like an
international version of the Downtown-Lower Manhattan Association.
It was also like a supranational version of the Council
on Foreign Relations that has shaped U.S. policies since the autumn of
John D. Rockefeller's and J. P. Morgan's generation - that is, the span
between World Wars I and II.
Executives from Corporations, Government and academia
made up the Trilateral Commission along with European nobility. Men from
nations in the industrialized North (the U.S., Britain, Germany, France,
Italy, Japan, Canada) dominated the commission's membership. The
Trilateral Commission divided the "'free world'" into three regions for
"'development.'"
David Rockefeller wrote then: "Broad human interests are
being served best in economic terms where free market forces are able to
transcend national boundaries."
The Trilateral Commission's premise was, however, a lie.
The basic concept of "free market forces" is a lie - another form of
"Big Lie," whether it's voiced consciously or not. "Free market forces"
have nothing to do with the ability of Western economies to take more
each year in interest from Southern nations' debts than the principal of
said debt.
As capitalism depends on exploitation, money-lending and
speculation to sustain itself (through Banks, Exchanges of commodities
and stocks), it depends on brutal and material power (through
legislative bodies, Police, Sheriffs, and international Armed Forces) to
carry on its inequities.
The forced, worsening imbalance between Northern and
Southern nations' economies means that Southern nations' revenue from
resources (oil, bananas, bauxite, coffee, copper, diamonds, gas, gold
... manganese, nickel, titanium, zinc, ...) and their peoples'
12-hours-a-day labor are ultimately cost-free to their exploiters. It
means that these nations and their peoples can never escape debt. That
is, their people can never escape the crushing, grinding, distorting
pressures of poverty.
The supranational exploiters' methods are thus to me
worse than local mafias. The supranational exploiters and their means
never let a farm or shop or workers and families gain a penny or peso
against debt.
They have old and new Laws on their side. Their methods
of loan-sharking, theft, and degradation are sanctioned by international
Agreements (the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade or G.A.T.T., the
North American Free Trade Agreement or N.A.F.T.A.) that are never put to
a vote by the working people they affect.
Further, supranational groups (the World Trade
Organization foremost) have sought more and more to "transcend" any
control by local or national Governments.
These groups want to be a law among themselves.
They want, in fact, to return to a feudal order that
will be extended across continents.
Their intentions are at best arrogant and mistaken,
blinded by their removes from the poverty, suffering, and rebellion that
their further, depriving means - such as the
International Monetary Fund's "Structural Adjustment
Programs" (SAPs) - engender in billions of working families worldwide.
Their markets are NOT "free," their trade is NOT "fair,"
and their "neo-liberal" New World is really an old one. Their world is
of neo-colonial imperialism: A New World for Corporate Empires.
David Rockefeller, for one, he who's now 86, he the
"unelected if indisputable chairman of the American establishment," he
who still sits "at the hub of a vast network of financiers,
industrialists, and politicians whose reach encircles the globe," he one
of the most capable, confident, and powerful beings of his generation,
used the same anti-democratic methods to get the World Trade Center
built as he's used to direct the course of all humanity over the past 50
years.
And yet his methods, his game, we'll see, isn't working
for even his grandchildren and their grandchildren.
[To be continued.]
---------------
In
1971 Don Paul (No. 36 in the picture to the left) was the
youngest winner of a Stegner Fellowship in Creative Writing at Stanford
University, after Ken Kesey, Tillie Olsen and Robert Stone and before
Ray Carver, Alice Hoffman and Bill Kitteredge.
Between 1973 and 1980 he
was a logger or roughneck in northwest Washington, southeast Alaska,
Louisiana and Texas.
He held the World Road
Best for running 50 kilometers between 1982-94 and qualified for the
U.S. Men's Olympic Marathon Trial in 1980 and 1988.
In 1988 he began to put
poems to music by his brother Kenton. He's subsequently led or produced
more than 20 recordings, including the Rebel Poets compilations and
albums led by Glenn Spearman, Lisle Ellis, India Cooke, Paul Plimley,
Ustad Salamat Ali Khan and Ben Goldberg.
Most recently he's
released two CDs, 5 Songs For The Bush Reich (available at
www.wireonfire.com) and Love Is
The Main Flame, and the books of poems
Pulsing and Flares.
He works with the organizations Housing Is a Human Right
and From the Ground Up in San Francisco.